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What is Pgpool-II?

Pgpool-II is a middleware that works between PostgreSQL servers and a PostgreSQL database client. It is licensed under BSD license. It provides the following features.

• Connection Pooling

Pgpool-II saves connections to the PostgreSQL servers, and reuse them whenever a new connection with the same properties (i.e. username, database, protocol version) comes in. It reduces connection overhead, and improves system's overall throughput.

• Replication

Pgpool-II can manage multiple PostgreSQL servers. Using the replication function enables creating a realtime backup on 2 or more physical disks, so that the service can continue without stopping servers in case of a disk failure.

• Load Balancing

If a database is replicated, executing a SELECT query on any server will return the same result. Pgpool-II takes an advantage of the replication feature to reduce the load on each PostgreSQL server by distributing SELECT queries among multiple servers, improving system's overall throughput. At best, performance improves proportionally to the number of PostgreSQL servers. Load balance works best in a situation where there are a lot of users executing many queries at the same time.

• Limiting Exceeding Connections

There is a limit on the maximum number of concurrent connections with PostgreSQL, and connections are rejected after this many connections. Setting the maximum number of connections, however, increases resource consumption and affect system performance. pgpool-II also has a limit on the maximum number of connections, but extra connections will be queued instead of returning an error immediately.

Pgpool-II talks PostgreSQL's backend and frontend protocol, and relays a connection between them. Therefore, a database application (frontend) thinks that Pgpool-II is the actual PostgreSQL server, and the server (backend) sees Pgpool-II as one of its clients. Because Pgpool-II is transparent to both the server and the client, an existing database application can be used with Pgpool-II almost without a change to its sources.

Pgpool-II License

See License.

Stable versions

• Pgpool-II: 3.7, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4
• pgpoolAdmin: 3.7, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4

Contacts

• If you have technical questions regarding Pgpool-II, please subscribe Pgpool-II mailing lists and send questions to it (pgpool-general will be a starter). Please do not send technical questions via private email. We will not respond such that messages.

• If you believe that you found a vulnerability/security issues with Pgpool-II, please send a private email to ishii at sraoss.co.jp (he is the project leader).

What's new

News

Pgpool-II 4.0 RC1 released (2018/10/03)

Pgpool-II 4.0 RC1 is now relased.

This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V4.0 has new features:

• Add SCRAM and Certificate authentication support.
• Detecting "false" primary server of PostgreSQL.
• Improvements to load balancing:
  • More load balancing fine control after write queries.
  • Load balancing control for specific queries.
  • Allow to specify load balance weight ratio for load balance parameters.
• Add last state change timestamp to SHOW POOL NODES.
• Import PostgreSQL 11 SQL parser.
• Logging client messages.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

Release notes: English

Events

PGConf.ASIA 2017 in Tokyo

Tatsuo Ishii is going to give a presentation "More reliability and support for PostgreSQL 10: Introducing Pgpool-II 3.7" at "PGConf.ASIA 2017", held in Tokyo from December 4th to 6th.

PostgreSQL Conference in Russia 2016

Tatsuo gave a talk "How to manage a herd of elephants" at "PostgreSQL Conference in Russia 2016", held in Moscow from February 4th to 5th. The slides are available in Developer's documentation.

PostgreSQL Conference in China 2015

Tatsuo gave a talk "How to manage a herd of elephants" at "PostgreSQL Conference in China 2015", held in Beijing from November 21th to 22th. The slides are available in Developer's documentation.

pgCon 2015 Cluster Hacker Summit

We participated "6th Postgres Cluster Hacker Summit" which was held as a part of PgCon 2015 Developer Unconference. We reported about Development Status Updates and pgpool-II 3.5 features. The slides are available in Developer's documentation.

Pgpool-II Day 2015 in Tokyo

We had the very first time pgpool-II decicated conference. See the event report.

New docs

pgpool-II 3.5 is coming soon!

pgpool-II 3.5 alpha1 has been out. Tatsuo introduces "new features of pgpool-II 3.5."

Stable

Pgpool-II 3.7.5, 3.6.12, 3.5.16, 3.4.19 and 3.3.22 officially released (2018/07/31)

Pgpool-II 3.7.5, 3.6.12, 3.5.16, 3.4.19 and 3.3.22 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.7.5 : English Japanese
• 3.6.12 : English Japanese
• 3.5.16 : English Japanese
• 3.4.19: English Japanese
• 3.3.22: English Japanese

Please note that 3.3.22 is the last release of 3.3 series because 5 years has passed since 3.3 was out (2013/07/30).

Pgpool-II 3.7.4, 3.6.11, 3.5.15 and 3.4.18 officially released (2018/06/12)

Pgpool-II 3.7.4, 3.6.11, 3.5.15 and 3.4.18 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.7.4 : English Japanese
• 3.6.11 : English Japanese
• 3.5.15 : English Japanese
• 3.4.18: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.7.3, 3.6.10, 3.5.14, 3.4.17 and 3.3.21 officially released (2018/04/17)

Pgpool-II 3.7.3, 3.6.10, 3.5.14, 3.4.17 and 3.3.21 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.7.3 : English Japanese
• 3.6.10 : English Japanese
• 3.5.14 : English Japanese
• 3.4.17: English Japanese
• 3.3.21: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.7.2-2 RPMs are released. (2018/03/14)

Pgpool-II 3.7.2-2 RPMs are released.

You can download them here.

Pgpool-II 3.7.2, 3.6.9, 3.5.13, 3.4.16 and 3.3.20 officially released (2018/02/13)

Pgpool-II 3.7.2, 3.6.9, 3.5.13, 3.4.16 and 3.3.20 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.7.2 : English Japanese
• 3.6.9 : English Japanese
• 3.5.13 : English Japanese
• 3.4.16: English Japanese
• 3.3.20: English Japanese

pgpoolAdmin 3.7.1 officially released (2018/02/05)

pgpoolAdmin 3.7.1 is officially released.

You can download them here.

Release notes

Pgpool-II 3.7.1, 3.6.8, 3.5.12, 3.4.15 and 3.3.19 officially released (2018/01/09)

Pgpool-II 3.7.1, 3.6.8, 3.5.12, 3.4.15 and 3.3.19 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.7.1 : English Japanese
• 3.6.8 : English Japanese
• 3.5.12 : English Japanese
• 3.4.15: English Japanese
• 3.3.19: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.7.0 and pgpoolAdmin 3.7.0 officially released (2017/11/22)

Pgpool-II 3.7.0 and pgpoolAdmin 3.7.0 are now relased.

V3.7 has new features:

• Quorum aware failover feature.
• Allow specifying the hostnames in pool_hba.
• Allow to specify per node health check parameters.
• Support AWS Aurora.
• Import PostgreSQL 10 SQL parser.
• Support logical replication.
• etc.

You can download them here.

Release notes: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.7, 3.5.11, 3.4.14 and 3.3.18 officially released (2017/11/01)

Pgpool-II 3.6.7, 3.5.11, 3.4.14 and 3.3.18 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.7 : English Japanese
• 3.5.11 : English Japanese
• 3.4.14: English Japanese
• 3.3.18: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.6, 3.5.10, 3.4.13, 3.3.17 and 3.2.22 officially released (2017/09/05)

Pgpool-II 3.6.6, 3.5.10, 3.4.13, 3.3.17, 3.2.22 and pgpoolAdmin 3.6.2 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.6 : English Japanese
• 3.5.10 : English Japanese
• 3.4.13: English Japanese
• 3.3.17: English Japanese
• 3.2.22: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.5, 3.5.9, 3.4.12, 3.3.16 and 3.2.21 officially released (2017/07/11)

Pgpool-II 3.6.5, 3.5.9, 3.4.12, 3.3.16 and 3.2.21 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.5 : English Japanese
• 3.5.9 : English Japanese
• 3.4.12: English Japanese
• 3.3.16: English Japanese
• 3.2.21: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.4, 3.5.8 officially released (2017/05/11)

Pgpool-II 3.6.4, 3.5.8 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.4: English Japanese
• 3.5.8: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.3, 3.5.7, 3.4.11, 3.3.15, 3.2.20 and pgpoolAdmin 3.6.1 officially released (2017/04/28)

Pgpool-II 3.6.3, 3.5.7, 3.4.11, 3.3.15, 3.2.20 and pgpoolAdmin 3.6.1 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.3: English Japanese
• 3.5.7: English Japanese
• 3.4.11: English Japanese
• 3.3.15: English Japanese
• 3.2.20: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.6.2, 3.5.6, 3.4.10, 3.3.14 and 3.2.19 officially released (2017/03/17)

Pgpool-II 3.6.2, 3.5.6, 3.4.10, 3.3.14 and 3.2.19 officially released

You can download them here.

• 3.6.2: English Japanese
• 3.5.6: English Japanese
• 3.4.10: English Japanese
• 3.3.14: English Japanese
• 3.2.19: English Japanese

pgpoolAdmin 3.6.0 officially released (2017/02/28)

pgpoolAdmin 3.6.0 is officially released.

You can download them here.

pgpool-II 3.6.1, 3.5.5, 3.4.9, 3.3.13, 3.2.18 and 3.1.21 officially released (2016/12/26)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.6.1: English Japanese
• 3.5.5: English Japanese
• 3.4.9: English Japanese
• 3.3.13: English Japanese
• 3.2.18: English Japanese
• 3.1.21: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.1.21 is the final release of the 3.1.x. This series has reached "End of Life", and is no longer maintained and does not receive any updates.

pgpool-II 3.6.0 officially released (2016/11/21)

Pgpool-II 3.6.0 is now officially released.

You can download them here.

V3.6's new features are:

• Improve the behavior of fail-over.
• New PGPOOL SET command has been introduced.
• Watchdog is significantly enhanced.
• Handling of extended query protocol (e.g. used by Java applications) in streaming replication mode speeds up if many rows are returned in a result set.
• Import parser of PostgreSQL 9.6.
• In some cases pg_terminate_backend() now does not trigger a fail-over.
• Change documentation format from raw HTML to SGML.
• etc.

pgpool-II 3.5.4, 3.4.8, 3.3.12, 3.2.17 and 3.1.20 officially released (2016/08/31)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.5.4: English Japanese
• 3.4.8: English Japanese
• 3.3.12: English Japanese
• 3.2.17: English Japanese
• 3.1.20: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.5.3, 3.4.7, 3.3.11, 3.2.16, 3.1.19, and pgpoolAdmin 3.5.3 officially released (2016/06/17)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.5.3: English Japanese
• 3.4.7: English Japanese
• 3.3.11: English Japanese
• 3.2.16: English Japanese
• 3.1.19: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.5.2, 3.4.6, 3.3.10, 3.2.15, 3.1.18, and pgpoolAdmin 3.5.2 officially released (2016/04/26)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.5.2: English Japanese
• 3.4.6: English Japanese
• 3.3.10: English Japanese
• 3.2.15: English Japanese
• 3.1.18: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.5.1, 3.4.5, 3.3.9, 3.2.14, 3.1.17, and pgpoolAdmin 3.5.1 officially released (2016/04/04)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.5.1: English Japanese
• 3.4.5: English Japanese
• 3.3.9: English Japanese
• 3.2.14: English Japanese
• 3.1.17: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.4.4, 3.3.8, 3.2.13, 3.1.16, and 3.0.20 officially released (2016/02/05)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.4.4: English Japanese
• 3.3.8: English Japanese
• 3.2.13: English Japanese
• 3.1.16: English Japanese
• 3.0.20: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.0.20 is the final release of the 3.0.x. This series has reached "End of Life", and is no longer maintained and does not receive any updates.

pgpool-II 3.5.0 and pgpoolAdmin 3.5.0 officially released (2016/01/29)

Pgpool-II 3.5.0 and pgpoolAdmin 3.5.0 are now officially released.

You can download them here.

V3.5's new features are:

• Improved performance in extended query protocol
• Overcoming the thundering herd problem
• watchdog feature enhancements to be more robust and adaptable
• PCP command enhancements
• Import PostgreSQL 9.5 parser
• etc.

Please see this for details.

3.5.0 release note: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.4.3, 3.3.7, 3.2.12, 3.1.15, and 3.0.19 officially released (2015/07/24)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.4.3: English Japanese
• 3.3.7: English Japanese
• 3.2.12: English Japanese
• 3.1.15: English Japanese
• 3.0.19: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.4.2, 3.3.6, 3.2.11, 3.1.14, and 3.0.18 officially released (2015/04/08)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.4.2: English Japanese
• 3.3.6: English Japanese
• 3.2.11: English Japanese
• 3.1.14: English Japanese
• 3.0.18: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.4.1, 3.3.5, 3.2.10, 3.1.13, 3.0.17 and pgpoolAdmin 3.4.1 officially released (2015/02/05)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.4.1: English Japanese
• 3.3.5: English Japanese
• 3.2.10: English Japanese
• 3.1.13: English Japanese
• 3.0.17: English Japanese

• pgpoolAdmin 3.4.1: English

The pgpool-II official yum repository released (2014/12/16)

PgPool Global Development Group announced the pgpool-II official yum repository. With this repository, you will be able to install or update pgpool-II and pgpoolAdmin etc. by using yum.

http://www.pgpool.net/yum/

The yum repository currently supports pgpool-II 3.3 or above with RHEL6 x86_64.

See Yum Repository for detail.

pgpool-II 3.4.0 and pgpoolAdmin 3.4.0 officially released (2014/11/07)

Pgpool-II 3.4.0 is now officially released.

You can download them here.

V3.4's new features are:

• Allow fine control of load balancing by using application name or database name
• New features about log output
  • Allow to print pgpool-II process names
  • Allow to control log verbosity like PostgreSQL
• SQL parser compatible with PostgreSQL 9.4
• Import PostgreSQL's memory manager and exception manager
• Support IPv6 address
• Reorganize source code tree
• etc.

• 3.4.0 release note: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.3.4, 3.2.9, 3.1.12, and 3.0.16 are officially released (2014/09/05)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.3.4: English Japanese
• 3.2.9: English Japanese
• 3.1.12: English Japanese
• 3.0.16: English Japanese

pgpool-ha 2.2 released (2014/04/01)

This is the latest stable version.

You can download them here.

pgpool-II 3.3.3, 3.2.8, 3.1.11, 3.0.15 and pgpoolAdmin 3.3.1 officially released (2014/03/24)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.3.3: English Japanese
• 3.2.8: English Japanese
• 3.1.11: English Japanese
• 3.0.15: English Japanese

• pgpoolAdmin 3.3.1: English

pgpool-II 3.2.7, 3.1.10, 3.0.14 officially released (2013/12/06)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

• 3.2.7: English Japanese
• 3.1.10: English Japanese
• 3.0.14: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.3.2 officially released (2013/11/29)

These are the latest stable version of 3.3.

You can download them here.

• 3.3.2: English Japanese

pgpool-II 3.3.1, 3.2.6, 3.1.9, 3.0.13 officially released (2013/09/06)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

Missing regression test suite in pgpool-II 3.3.0.tar.gz (2013/07/31)

New regression test suite was not accidentally included in the pgpool-II 3.3.0.tar.gz tar ball. You can get it from git repository or download from here.

pgpool-II 3.3 and pgpoolAdmin 3.3 officially released (2013/07/30)

Pgpool-II 3.3 is now officially released.

You can download them here.

V3.3's new features are:

• Enhancements for watchdog
  • New monitoring method of watchdog lifecheck using heartbeat signal
  • Interlocking of failover/failback script
  • Secure watchdog communication
  • PCP command for retrieving the watchdog status
  • etc.
• Othres
  • Import PostgreSQL 9.2 raw parser
  • New pgpool_setup tool
  • Support for using CREATE EXTENSION to install pgpool specific extensions
  • regression test suit
  • etc.

• pgpool-II 3.3 release note (English)
• pgpool-II 3.3 release note (Japanese)

pgpool-II 3.2.5, 3.1.8, 3.0.12 officially released (2013/07/10)

These are the latest stable versions of each major branches.

You can download them here.

Development

Pgpool-II 4.0 beta1 released (2018/09/19)

Pgpool-II 4.0 beta1 is now relased.

This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V4.0 has new features:

• Add SCRAM and Certificate authentication support.
• Detecting "false" primary server of PostgreSQL.
• Improvements to load balancing:
  • More load balancing fine control after write queries.
  • Load balancing control for specific queries.
  • Allow to specify load balance weight ratio for load balance parameters.
• Add last state change timestamp to SHOW POOL NODES.
• Import PostgreSQL 11 SQL parser.
• Logging client messages.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

Release notes: English

Pgpool-II 4.0 alpha2 released (2018/09/06)

Pgpool-II 4.0 alpha2 is now relased.

This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V4.0 has new features:

• Add SCRAM and Certificate authentication support.
• Detecting "false" primary server of PostgreSQL.
• Improvements to load balancing:
  • More load balancing fine control after write queries.
  • Load balancing control for specific queries.
  • Allow to specify load balance weight ratio for load balance parameters.
• Add last state change timestamp to SHOW POOL NODES.
• Import PostgreSQL 11 SQL parser.
• Logging client messages.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

Release notes: English

Pgpool-II 4.0 alpha1 released (2018/08/20)

Pgpool-II 4.0 alpha1 is now relased.

This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V4.0 has new features:

• Add SCRAM and Certificate authentication support.
• Detecting "false" primary server of PostgreSQL.
• Improvements to load balancing:
  • More load balancing fine control after write queries.
  • Load balancing control for specific queries.
  • Allow to specify load balance weight ratio for load balance parameters.
• Add last state change timestamp to SHOW POOL NODES.
• Logging client messages.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

Release notes: English

Pgpool-II 3.7 RC1 and pgpoolAdmin 3.7 RC1 released (2017/11/13)

Pgpool-II 3.7 RC1 and pgpoolAdmin 3.7 RC1 are now relased.

This is not intended to be used in production but is close to the release version. So users are encouraged to test it out.

V3.7 has new features:

• Quorum aware failover feature.
• Allow specifying the hostnames in pool_hba.
• Allow to specify per node health check parameters.
• Support AWS Aurora.
• Import PostgreSQL 10 SQL parser.
• Support logical replication.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

Release notes: English Japanese

Pgpool-II 3.7 beta1 released (2017/10/17)

Pgpool-II 3.7 beta1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V3.7 has new features:

• Quorum aware failover feature.
• Allow specifying the hostnames in pool_hba.
• Allow to specify per node health check parameters.
• Support AWS Aurora.
• Import PostgreSQL 10 SQL parser.
• Support logical replication.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.6 RC1 released (2016/11/16)

pgpool-II 3.6 RC1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.6 beta2 released (2016/11/08)

pgpool-II 3.6 beta2 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

Users are encouraged to take part in our beta test program. Please help us in testing and making pgpool-II 3.6 better!

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.6 beta1 released (2016/11/02)

pgpool-II 3.6 beta1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

Users are encouraged to take part in our beta test program. Please help us in testing and making pgpool-II 3.6 better!

You can download it from here.

Pgpool-II 3.6 alpha1 released (2016/10/19)

Pgpool-II 3.6 alpha1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V3.6 has a new feature:

• Improve the behavior of fail-over.
• New PGPOOL SET command has been introduced.
• Watchdog is significantly enhanced.
• Handling of extended query protocol (e.g. used by Java applications) in streaming replication mode speeds up if many rows are returned in a result set.
• Import parser of PostgreSQL 9.6.
• In some cases pg_terminate_backend() now does not trigger a fail-over.
• Change documentation format from raw HTML to SGML.
• etc.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.5 RC1 released (2016/1/14)

pgpool-II 3.5 RC1 and pgpoolAdmin 3.5 RC1 are now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.5 beta1 released (2015/12/14)

pgpool-II 3.5 beta1 and pgpoolAdmin 3.5 beta1 are now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

Users are encouraged to take part in our beta test program. Please help us in testing and making pgpool-II 3.5 better!

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.5 alpha1 released (2015/11/16)

Pgpool-II 3.5 alpha1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V3.5 has a new feature:

• Improved performance in extended query protocol
• Overcoming the thundering herd problem
• watchdog feature enhancements to be more robust and adaptable
• PCP command enhancements
• Import PostgreSQL 9.5 parser
• etc.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.3 RC1 released (2013/07/25)

Pgpool-II 3.3 RC1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.3 beta1 released (2013/06/12)

Pgpool-II 3.3 beta1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

Users are encouraged to take part in our beta test program. Please help us in testing and making pgpool-II 3.3 better!

You can download it from here.

pgpool-II 3.3 alpha1 released (2013/05/17)

Pgpool-II 3.3 alpha1 is now relased. This is not a stable version but just for developers.

V3.3 has a new feature:

• Enhancements for watchdog
  • New monitoring method of watchdog lifecheck using heartbeat signal
  • Interlocking of failover/failback script
  • Secure watchdog communication
  • etc.
• Othres
  • Import PostgreSQL 9.2 raw parser
  • New pgpool_setup tool
  • Support for using CREATE EXTENSION to install pgpool specific extensions

You can download it from here.

Old

See this page.

Where can I get commercial support for pgpool-II?

Some commercial packages include pgpool-II support. Consulting and annual support can be purchased from SRA OSS, Inc. Japan (http://www.sraoss.co.jp/index_en.php).